Alright, let’s reason through this step by step. **1. Business profile and cash flow stability** EDP is a regulated and quasi-regulated energy utility with fairly predictable cash flows. This supports a moderate use of debt and hybrid capital without excessive risk. **2. Existing leverage** From the balance sheet at end-2022: - Total equity = €13.83 bn - Total debt (long-term borrowings + current borrowings) = €15.78 bn + €4.24 bn ≈ €20.02 bn That suggests significant financial leverage, which would make a *high* reliance on hybrids risky from a credit rating and cost perspective. **3. Hybrid bonds’ role** Hybrids get partial equity treatment from rating agencies while being tax-deductible like debt. They are most suitable for firms with: - Stable operating cash flows (EDP has this) - Large ongoing capex programs (EDP has this, given the renewables push) - But also the need to maintain investment-grade credit metrics (likely for EDP, given capital market access) **4. Market conditions** From the provided swap and corporate bond yield data, interest rates moved sharply higher in 2022. Subordinated (hybrid) borrowing costs in euros were roughly in the 2.3% range on average for IG non-financials in 2022, which is manageable but no longer ultra-cheap like in 2020–2021. **5. Practical capital structure mix** A 100% hybrid structure would be impossible—no firm finances entirely with hybrids. 75% would be extremely aggressive and likely jeopardize IG ratings. 0% might underutilize rating-friendly equity credit and tax shields. For a capital-intensive utility with strong cash flows, a moderate share—such as 25%—is realistic, providing equity credit without overloading on expensive subordinated instruments. **Conclusion:** A **25%** reliance on hybrid bonds best balances credit quality, cost of capital, and ratings flexibility. 25%