I need to analyze VERBUND AG's leverage trend for 2022 to estimate Moody's adjusted leverage trend. First, let me identify the key leverage metrics from the balance sheet data: **Debt and Equity Analysis:** For 2021 (start of 2022): - Total Assets: 12,008,058,000 EUR - Total Equity: 6,807,399,000 EUR - Total Liabilities: 12,008,058,000 - 6,807,399,000 = 5,200,659,000 EUR For 2022 (end of 2022/start of 2023): - Total Assets: 17,281,365,000 EUR - Total Equity: 6,362,949,000 EUR - Total Liabilities: 17,281,365,000 - 6,362,949,000 = 10,918,416,000 EUR **Key Debt Components:** Noncurrent Financial Liabilities: - 2021: 1,202,154,000 EUR - 2022: 1,834,155,000 EUR Current Financial Liabilities: - 2021: 84,056,000 EUR - 2022: 1,462,453,000 EUR Total Financial Debt: - 2021: 1,286,210,000 EUR - 2022: 3,296,608,000 EUR **Leverage Ratios:** Debt-to-Equity (Financial Debt / Equity): - 2021: 1,286,210,000 / 6,807,399,000 = 18.9% - 2022: 3,296,608,000 / 6,362,949,000 = 51.8% Debt-to-Assets (Financial Debt / Total Assets): - 2021: 1,286,210,000 / 12,008,058,000 = 10.7% - 2022: 3,296,608,000 / 17,281,365,000 = 19.1% **Additional Context:** Total Liabilities-to-Equity: - 2021: 5,200,659,000 / 6,807,399,000 = 76.4% - 2022: 10,918,416,000 / 6,362,949,000 = 171.6% **Analysis of the Trend:** 1. Financial debt more than doubled (156% increase) from 1.29 billion to 3.30 billion EUR 2. Debt-to-equity ratio nearly tripled from 18.9% to 51.8% 3. Total liabilities more than doubled while equity actually decreased by 6.5% The significant increase in leverage is driven by: - Massive increase in current financial liabilities (from 84M to 1.46B EUR) - 17x increase - Substantial increase in noncurrent financial liabilities (from 1.2B to 1.83B EUR) - 53% increase - Large derivative financial liabilities (current and noncurrent) increased dramatically - Equity decreased despite strong profits, due to large dividends paid (319M in 2021-2022, 460M in 2022-2023) and negative other comprehensive income The company's financial profile shows significantly higher indebtedness, with debt growing much faster than equity or assets. The balance sheet expanded dramatically (44% asset growth), but this was funded primarily by liabilities rather than equity. **Moody's Considerations:** Moody's typically looks at: - Debt/EBITDA ratio - Retained cash flow/debt - Free cash flow/debt - Debt/capital With EBITDA growing strongly (from 1.58B to 3.16B), but debt growing even faster proportionally, the leverage metrics are deteriorating on a balance sheet basis. The company's capital structure has become significantly more leveraged. Deteriorating