To estimate S&P-style adjusted leverage trend, use: Net Debt / EBITDA Approximate net debt from reported borrowings and cash: For 2022 balance sheet date, i.e. 2023-01-01: - Long-term borrowings: 5,491.124m - Current borrowings and current portion of noncurrent borrowings: 721.845m - Cash and cash equivalents: 794.824m - Net debt = 5,491.124 + 721.845 - 794.824 = 5,418.145m For 2021 balance sheet date, i.e. 2022-01-01: - Long-term borrowings: 5,896.170m - Current borrowings and current portion of noncurrent borrowings: 1,391.722m - Cash and cash equivalents: 1,574.427m - Net debt = 5,896.170 + 1,391.722 - 1,574.427 = 5,713.465m Approximate EBITDA as operating profit plus depreciation and amortisation: For 2022: - Operating profit: 961.554m - Depreciation and amortisation: 544.992m - EBITDA = 1,506.546m - Net Debt / EBITDA = 5,418.145 / 1,506.546 = 3.60x For 2021: - Operating profit: 991.970m - Depreciation and amortisation: 522.114m - EBITDA = 1,514.084m - Net Debt / EBITDA = 5,713.465 / 1,514.084 = 3.77x Year-on-year change: - 2022 ratio minus 2021 ratio = 3.60x - 3.77x = -0.18x Since leverage decreased by less than 0.3x, under the stated rule this is classified as Stable. Stable