First, let’s identify the main components needed for the S&P-style Net Debt / EBITDA ratio. **1. EBITDA for 2022** From the data: "Beneficio Bruto De Explotacion Ebitda" 2022-01-01 - 2023-01-01: 13,228,000,000 EUR. **2. Net Debt calculation** S&P defines net debt as: **Net Debt = Total Debt – Cash and Cash Equivalents** Total Debt includes: - Noncurrent financial liabilities (debt portion): "Deudas Con Entidades De Credito YObligaciones UOtros Valores Negociables" (noncurrent): 36,129,000,000 EUR - Current financial liabilities (debt portion): "Deudas Con Entidades De Credito YObligaciones UOtros Valores Negociables Corrientes": 10,458,000,000 EUR - Noncurrent lease liabilities: 2,287,000,000 EUR - Current lease liabilities: 151,000,000 EUR - Instruments with characteristics of financial liabilities (noncurrent + current): 576,000,000 + 87,000,000 = 663,000,000 EUR **Total Debt** = 36,129M + 10,458M + 2,287M + 151M + 663M = **49,688,000,000 EUR**. Cash and equivalents: 4,608,000,000 EUR. **Net Debt** = 49,688M – 4,608M = **45,080,000,000 EUR**. **3. Net Debt / EBITDA** = 45,080 / 13,228 ≈ **3.408** 3.408