To estimate the S&P-adjusted FFO-to-debt ratio for Naturgy Energy Group S.A. for the fiscal year 2022, we will follow the standard S&P global corporate methodology, applying relevant adjustments for the utility sector. **Step 1: Estimate Adjusted EBITDA** S&P defines Adjusted EBITDA as reported EBITDA adjusted for non-recurring items, credit losses (treated as an operating expense), and the inclusion of dividends received from equity investments instead of their equity in earnings. 1. **Reported EBITDA:** 4,954m EUR 2. **Credit Losses:** The company added back "Increase/Decrease in Allowance Account for Credit Losses" (-228m EUR) to get its reported EBITDA. Since S&P treats credit losses as a recurring operating expense, we deduct this back out: -228m EUR. 3. **Non-recurring Gains:** The company included "Gains On Disposals Of Property, Plant And Equipment" (8m EUR) in its EBIT. We deduct this non-recurring gain: -8m EUR. 4. **Dividends from Associates:** Equity earnings are excluded from EBITDA, but we add cash dividends received from associates/joint ventures: +106m EUR. *(Note: "Other Gains Losses" of -111m EUR were correctly treated as non-recurring and were already added back in the reported EBITDA).* *Adjusted EBITDA* = 4,954 - 228 - 8 + 106 = **4,824m EUR** **Step 2: Estimate FFO (Funds From Operations)** S&P calculates FFO by deducting net cash interest paid and cash taxes paid from Adjusted EBITDA. 1. **Net Cash Interest Paid:** Interest paid (520m EUR) minus interest received (87m EUR) = 433m EUR. 2. **Cash Taxes Paid:** Income taxes paid classified as operating activities = 762m EUR. *FFO* = 4,824 (Adjusted EBITDA) - 433 (Net Cash Interest) - 762 (Cash Taxes) = **3,629m EUR** **Step 3: Estimate Adjusted Debt** S&P defines Adjusted Debt as total reported debt (including lease liabilities) minus eligible cash and highly liquid short-term investments. 1. **Total Financial Liabilities:** - Noncurrent Financial Liabilities: 13,999m EUR (includes 12,689m Borrowings + 1,309m Leases + 1m Other) - Current Financial Liabilities: 2,302m EUR (includes 2,110m Borrowings + 177m Leases + 15m Other) *Gross Debt* = 13,999 + 2,302 = 16,301m EUR. 2. **Eligible Cash:** - Cash and Cash Equivalents = 3,985m EUR - Other Current Financial Assets (highly liquid short-term investments) = 408m EUR *Total Eligible Cash* = 3,985 + 408 = 4,393m EUR. *(Note: Without specific granular data, hybrid debt and unfunded pension deficits are held at baseline 0 as they cannot be reliably isolated from the general provisioning items).* *Adjusted Debt* = 16,301 - 4,393 = **11,908m EUR** **Step 4: Calculate FFO / Adjusted Debt** *FFO / Adjusted Debt* = 3,629m EUR / 11,908m EUR = 0.304753... 0.3048